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Wednesday, February 8, 2012

Diseases due to Environmental factors(physical injury)

a)Frostbite :exposure to severe clod leads to vasoconstriction of the arterioles and capillary thrombi ending by gangrene of the fingers, toes,ears and nose.


b)Heat stroke :exposure to High temperature leads to excessive sweating and vasodilatation with loss of sodium and water ending by hypotenion ,hyperkalemia,dehydration and hypoxia .


c)Electrical injury :The injury depends on the severity of the electric current and duration of contact .It leads to skin burns , bone fracture m rupture of organs and vessels and sudden death due to carsiac or respiratory distress.


d)Radiation injury :1_skin :early manifestations include dermatitis .Late manifestations Include cancer
2_GIT :mucosal injury and ulceration .later on fibrosis occurs .


3_Testis and ovary :destruction of germ cells and later on fibrosis and sterility .
4_lung :edema and acute respiratory didtress and later on fibrosis.
5_Hemopoeitic and lymphoid destruction leading to pancytopenia and lymphopenia .
6_radiation nephritis , osteomyelitis , vascular inflamation and thrombosis

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